Reflections on Psychiatry & Psychology

Brain zaps during SSRI/SNRI withdrawal remain poorly studied and often overlooked by psychiatry. Patients frequently learn about them online rather than from physicians. Researchers and clinicians call for better awareness, informed consent, and more research on antidepressant discontinuation effects.

OCD is often diagnosed late (6–10 years) due to varied symptoms and stigma. Depression frequently co-occurs and may obscure OCD. Standard treatment is ERP plus SSRIs; other medications may be added. Emerging evidence suggests ketamine may help treatment-resistant OCD.

Hypervigilance to bodily sensations can trigger faster breathing and hyperventilation, lowering CO₂ and reducing oxygen delivery to tissues. This causes dizziness, tingling, and panic. Alcohol may give brief relief but worsens anxiety later; therapy can help.