The glymphatic system is a brain-wide waste-clearance pathway where CSF flows along vessels, exchanges with interstitial fluid via astrocytes, and drains metabolites. It is driven by vascular pulsation and enhanced during sleep. Dysfunction—linked to poor sleep or vascular issues—may promote buildup of proteins like amyloid-β and contribute to neurologic disease.
Moderate caffeine (2–3 cups/day) is usually safe, but heavy use (>500 mg) can cause anxiety, insomnia, GI issues, and heart problems; withdrawal may trigger headaches and fatigue.
